West Kowloon Cultural District

Environmental Impact Assessment (Final)

PDF version

July 2013

West Kowloon Cultural District Authority

29F, Tower 6, The Gateway, 9 Canton Road, Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong

Mott MacDonald, 20/F Two Landmark East, 100 How Ming Street, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
T +852 2828 5757 F +852 2827 1823, W www.mottmac.com

This document is issued for the party which commissioned it and for specific purposes connected with the above-captioned project only. It should not be relied upon by any other party or used for any other purpose.

We accept no responsibility for the consequences of this document being relied upon by any other party, or being used for any other purpose, or containing any error or omission which is due to an error or omission in data supplied to us by other parties

This document contains confidential information and proprietary intellectual property. It should not be shown to other parties without consent from us and from the party which commissioned it.

Content

Chapter Title Page

1. Introduction___________________________________________________________________ 1-1

1.1 Background___________________________________________________________________ 1-1

1.2 Designated Projects under the EIA Ordinance__________________________________________ 1-2

1.3 Objectives of the EIA Study________________________________________________________ 1-2

1.4 Key Environmental Issues_________________________________________________________ 1-3

1.5 Use of Relevant Studies__________________________________________________________ 1-4

1.6 Structure of the EIA Report________________________________________________________ 1-5

2. Project Description____________________________________________________________ 2-1

2.1 Existing Site Conditions________________________________________________________ 2-1

2.2 Project Components___________________________________________________________ 2-1

2.3 Need of the Project____________________________________________________________ 2-3

2.4 Consideration of Alternative Development Options__________________________________ 2-7

2.5 Consideration of Alternative Construction Methods and Sequences of Works___________ 2-11

2.6 Summary of Selection of Preferred Scenario______________________________________ 2-17

2.7 Proposed Project Programme__________________________________________________ 2-23

2.8 Concurrent Projects___________________________________________________________ 2-24

3. Air Quality Impact______________________________________________________________ 3-1

3.1 Introduction___________________________________________________________________ 3-1

3.2 Air Quality Legislations, Standards and Guidelines__________________________________ 3-1

3.3 Baseline Conditions____________________________________________________________ 3-4

3.4 Identification of Pollution Sources_______________________________________________ 3-32

3.5 Air Quality Modelling Methodology______________________________________________ 3-40

3.6 Evaluation and Assessment of the Air Quality Impacts______________________________ 3-70

3.7 Mitigation Measures___________________________________________________________ 3-87

3.8 Evaluation of Residual Impacts_________________________________________________ 3-92

3.9 Environmental Monitoring and Audit_____________________________________________ 3-97

3.10 Conclusion__________________________________________________________________ 3-98

4. Noise Impact__________________________________________________________________ 4-1

4.1 Introduction___________________________________________________________________ 4-1

4.2 Noise Legislations, Standards and Guidelines______________________________________ 4-1

4.3 Baseline Conditions____________________________________________________________ 4-7

4.4 Identification of Pollution Sources_______________________________________________ 4-12

4.5 Assessment Methodology_____________________________________________________ 4-15

4.6 Evaluation of the Noise Impacts_________________________________________________ 4-24

4.7 Mitigation Measures___________________________________________________________ 4-37

4.8 Evaluation of Residual Impacts_________________________________________________ 4-48

4.9 Environmental Monitoring and Audit_____________________________________________ 4-51

4.10 Conclusion__________________________________________________________________ 4-51

5. Water Quality Impact___________________________________________________________ 5-1

5.1 Introduction____________________________________________________________________ 5-1

5.2 Water Quality Legislations, Standards and Guidelines___________________________________ 5-1

5.3 Assessment Area, Water Sensitive Receivers and Baseline Conditions______________________ 5-6

5.4 Identification of Water Quality Impact________________________________________________ 5-9

5.5 Assessment Methodology________________________________________________________ 5-10

5.6 Prediction and Evaluation of the Water Quality Impact__________________________________ 5-14

5.7 Mitigation of Adverse Water Quality Impact___________________________________________ 5-20

5.8 Evaluation of Cumulative and Residual Water Quality Impact_____________________________ 5-24

5.9 Water Quality Monitoring and Audit_________________________________________________ 5-24

5.10 Conclusion___________________________________________________________________ 5-24

6. Sewerage and Sewage Treatment Implication_______________________________________ 6-1

6.1 Introduction____________________________________________________________________ 6-1

6.2 Sewerage and Sewage Treatment Legislations, Standards and Guidelines___________________ 6-1

6.3 Baseline Conditions_____________________________________________________________ 6-1

6.4 Assessment Methodology_________________________________________________________ 6-2

6.5 Evaluation and Assessment of Sewerage and Sewage Treatment Implications________________ 6-5

6.6 Hydraulic Modelling_____________________________________________________________ 6-9

6.7 Mitigation Measures____________________________________________________________ 6-10

6.8 Environmental Monitoring and Audit________________________________________________ 6-13

6.9 Conclusion___________________________________________________________________ 6-13

7. Waste Management Implication__________________________________________________ 7-1

7.1 Introduction____________________________________________________________________ 7-1

7.2 Waste Management Legislations, Standards and Guidelines______________________________ 7-1

7.3 Assessment Methodology_________________________________________________________ 7-2

7.4 Identification, Prediction and Evaluation of Environmental Impact__________________________ 7-2

7.5 Mitigation of Adverse Environmental Impact__________________________________________ 7-13

7.6 Evaluation of Residual Impact_____________________________________________________ 7-16

7.7 Environmental Monitoring and Audit________________________________________________ 7-16

7.8 Conclusion___________________________________________________________________ 7-16

8. Land Contamination____________________________________________________________ 8-1

8.1 Introduction____________________________________________________________________ 8-1

8.2 Environmental Legislation, Standards and Guidelines___________________________________ 8-1

8.3 Description of the Environmental Baseline Conditions___________________________________ 8-1

8.4 Assessment Methodology_________________________________________________________ 8-2

8.5 Identification and Evaluation of Environmental Impact___________________________________ 8-5

8.6 Mitigation of Adverse Environmental Impact___________________________________________ 8-6

8.7 Evaluation of Residual Impact______________________________________________________ 8-7

8.8 Environmental Monitoring and Audit_________________________________________________ 8-7

8.9 Conclusion____________________________________________________________________ 8-7

9. Ecological Impact (Terrestrial)____________________________________________________ 9-1

9.1 Introduction____________________________________________________________________ 9-1

9.2 Ecological Legislations, Standards and Guidelines______________________________________ 9-1

9.3 Assessment Methodology_________________________________________________________ 9-2

9.4 Baseline Conditions_____________________________________________________________ 9-3

9.5 Evaluation and Assessment of Ecological Impacts______________________________________ 9-6

9.6 Mitigation Measures_____________________________________________________________ 9-8

9.7 Residual Impacts_______________________________________________________________ 9-8

9.8 Environmental Monitoring and Audit_________________________________________________ 9-8

9.9 Conclusion____________________________________________________________________ 9-8

9.10 Reference_____________________________________________________________________ 9-8

10. Landscape and Visual Impact___________________________________________________ 10-1

10.1 Introduction___________________________________________________________________ 10-1

10.2 Landscape and Visual Legislations, Standards and Guidelines___________________________ 10-1

10.3 Assessment Methodology________________________________________________________ 10-6

10.4 Baseline Study_______________________________________________________________ 10-12

10.5 Evaluation and Assessment of Landscape and Visual Impacts___________________________ 10-42

10.6 Considerations of Alternatives___________________________________________________ 10-83

10.7 Mitigation Measures___________________________________________________________ 10-83

10.8 Residual Impacts____________________________________________________________ 10-100

10.9 Environmental Monitoring and Audit______________________________________________ 10-114

10.10 Conclusion_________________________________________________________________ 10-114

11. Environmental Monitoring and Audit_____________________________________________ 11-1

11.1 General______________________________________________________________________ 11-1

11.2 Air Quality Impact______________________________________________________________ 11-1

11.3 Noise Impact__________________________________________________________________ 11-1

11.4 Water Quality Impact____________________________________________________________ 11-2

11.5 Sewerage and Sewage Treatment Implications_______________________________________ 11-2

11.6 Waste Management Implications__________________________________________________ 11-2

11.7 Land Contamination____________________________________________________________ 11-2

11.8 Ecological Impact (Terrestrial)_____________________________________________________ 11-3

11.9 Landscape and Visual Impact_____________________________________________________ 11-3

12. Conclusions_________________________________________________________________ 12-1

12.1 General_____________________________________________________________________ 12-1

12.2 Summary of Environmental Outcomes___________________________________________ 12-1

12.3 Air Quality Impact_____________________________________________________________ 12-4

12.4 Noise Impact_________________________________________________________________ 12-6

12.5 Water Quality Impact__________________________________________________________ 12-7

12.6 Sewerage and Sewage Treatment Implications_____________________________________ 12-8

12.7 Waste Management Implications________________________________________________ 12-9

12.8 Land Contamination___________________________________________________________ 12-9

12.9 Ecological Impact (Terrestrial)___________________________________________________ 12-9

12.10 Landscape and Visual Impact__________________________________________________ 12-10

13. Implementation Schedule______________________________________________________ 13-1

13.1 General______________________________________________________________________ 13-1

14. EIA on Underpass Road Serving the Planned WKCD_______________________________ 14-1

14.1 Introduction___________________________________________________________________ 14-1

14.2 Project Description_____________________________________________________________ 14-4

14.3 Air Quality Impact_____________________________________________________________ 14-10

14.4 Noise Impact_________________________________________________________________ 14-80

14.5 Water Quality Impact__________________________________________________________ 14-111

14.6 Sewerage and Sewage Treatment Implication______________________________________ 14-123

14.7 Waste Management Implication_________________________________________________ 14-123

14.8 Land Contamination__________________________________________________________ 14-138

14.9 Ecological Impact____________________________________________________________ 14-145

14.10 Landscape and Visual Impact___________________________________________________ 14-153

14.11 Environmental Monitoring and Audit______________________________________________ 14-221

14.12 Conclusions________________________________________________________________ 14-223

14.13 Implementation Schedule______________________________________________________ 14-226

15. EIA on Austin Road Flyover Serving the Planned WKCD____________________________ 15-1

15.1 Introduction___________________________________________________________________ 15-1

15.2 Project Description_____________________________________________________________ 15-4

15.3 Air Quality Impact______________________________________________________________ 15-9

15.4 Noise Impact_________________________________________________________________ 15-71

15.5 Water Quality Impact___________________________________________________________ 15-85

15.6 Sewerage and Sewage Treatment Implication_______________________________________ 15-97

15.7 Waste Management Implication__________________________________________________ 15-97

15.8 Land Contamination__________________________________________________________ 15-105

15.9 Ecological Impact____________________________________________________________ 15-105

15.10 Landscape and Visual Impact___________________________________________________ 15-112

15.11 Environmental and Monitoring Audit______________________________________________ 15-166

15.12 Conclusions________________________________________________________________ 15-168

15.13 Implementation Schedule______________________________________________________ 15-171

Tables

Table 2.1:__ Summary of Major Differences between the Conceptual Plan Option: “City Park” and the Modified Conceptual Plan 2-8

Table 2.2:__ Summary of Development Plan Approach and Environmental Benefits / Dis-benefits__________ 2-10

Table 2.3:__ Comparison of the Benefits and Dis-Benefits of Basement Construction Sequencing__________ 2-16

Table 2.4:__ Summary of Alternative Construction Methodologies and Environmental Benefits/Dis-benefits___ 2-19

Table 2.5:__ Summary of Preferred Construction Sequence and Environmental Benefits/Dis-benefits________ 2-22

Table 2.6:__ Summary of Tentative Construction and Implementation Programme for Key Facilities of WKCD_ 2-23

Table 2.7: List of concurrent projects for cumulative impact assessment_____________________________ 2-26

Table 3.1: Hong Kong Air Quality Objectives___________________________________________________ 3-2

Table 3.2: Limits of air pollutant concentrations inside car parks and vehicle tunnels____________________ 3-3

Table 3.3: Representative ASRs Identified for the Assessment_____________________________________ 3-7

Table 3.4: Average Background TSP Concentrations from EPD’s Urban Air Monitoring Stations (Year 2007-2011) 3-32

Table 3.5: Air Quality Monitoring Results for Hong Kong Section of Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link relevant to WKCD (March 2010 – December 2012)_____________________________________________ 3-33

Table 3.6: Average Background Air Pollutant Concentrations from EPD’s Urban Air Monitoring Stations (Year 2007-2011) 3-33

Table 3.7: Average Background Air Pollutant Concentrations from EPD’s Local Monitoring Station at WKCD Site (September 2011 – August 2012)________________________________________________________________ 3-34

Table 3.8: Number of Odour Complaints against NYMTTS Received by EPD (2006-2013)_______________ 3-34

Table 3.9: Summary of concurrent projects during construction phase______________________________ 3-36

Table 3.10: Key Dust Emission Factors Adopted in the Assessment_________________________________ 3-42

Table 3.11: Summary of tentative active area calculations for Tier 2 and Annual TSP assessment__________ 3-44

Table 3.12: Vehicle Classification in the EMFAC-HK Model________________________________________ 3-48

Table 3.13: Estimated Emission Rates of Barges at NYPCWA______________________________________ 3-59

Table 3.14: Estimated Emission Rates of Fast Ferries at China Ferry Terminal_________________________ 3-60

Table 3.15: Estimated Emission Rates of Cruise Ships at Ocean Terminal____________________________ 3-61

Table 3.16: Summary of 2015 and 2020 Hong Kong Emission Inventory for the PATH Model______________ 3-62

Table 3.17: Summary of Predicted Cumulative Hourly Average TSP Concentrations for All ASRs (Tier 1 Unmitigated & Mitigated)____________________________________________________________________________ 3-70

Table 3.18: Predicted Cumulative Hourly Average TSP Concentrations for ASRs with Exceedance (Tier 1 Mitigated) 3-71

Table 3.19: Summary of Predicted Cumulative Daily Average TSP Concentrations for All ASRs (Tier 1 Unmitigated & Mitigated)____________________________________________________________________________ 3-72

Table 3.20: Summary of Predicted Cumulative Hourly Average TSP Concentrations (Tier 2 Mitigated)_______ 3-72

Table 3.21: Summary of Predicted Cumulative Annual Average TSP Concentrations for All ASRs (Unmitigated & Mitigated)____________________________________________________________________________ 3-73

Table 3.22: Summary of Predicted Cumulative RSP, SO2 and NO2 Concentrations for All ASRs___________ 3-74

Table 3.23: Breakdown of Predicted Cumulative NO2 Concentrations by Sources for ASRs with Potential Exceedance 3-75

Table 3.24: Breakdown of Predicted Cumulative Hourly NO2 Concentrations by Sources for Selected ASRs (for the Worst Case Year of 2015)_____________________________________________________________________ 3-76

Table 3.25: Breakdown of Predicted Cumulative Hourly NO2 Concentrations by Sources for Selected ASRs (for Year 2020)____________________________________________________________________________ 3-77

Table 3.26: Estimated Odour Emission Rates for NYMTTS________________________________________ 3-80

Table 3.27: Summary of Odour modelling Results______________________________________________ 3-82

Table 3.28: Breakdown of Odour modelling Results under Current Scenario___________________________ 3-85

Table 3.29: Breakdown of Odour modelling Results under Mitigated Scenario A________________________ 3-85

Table 3.30: Breakdown of Odour modelling Results under Mitigated Scenario B________________________ 3-86

Table 3.31: Summary of Recommended Odour Mitigation Measures for NYMTTS______________________ 3-91

Table 4.1: Noise Standards for Daytime Construction Activities_____________________________________ 4-1

Table 4.2: Relevant Road Traffic Noise Standards for Planning Purposes_____________________________ 4-3

Table 4.3: Area Sensitivity Rating___________________________________________________________ 4-3

Table 4.4: Acceptable Noise Level for Fixed Noise Source________________________________________ 4-4

Table 4.5 Noise Criteria of Fixed Plant Noise__________________________________________________ 4-4

Table 4.6 Noise Criteria of Fixed Plant Noise for the Outdoor Performance Venues_____________________ 4-5

Table 4.7: Ground-borne Operational Noise Level Criteria________________________________________ 4-6

Table 4.8: Proposed Ground-borne Operational Noise Level Criteria for Special Venues in WKCD__________ 4-7

Table 4.9: Representative Noise Sensitive Receivers___________________________________________ 4-10

Table 4.10: Adjustment Factor for Building Coupling Loss (BCF)____________________________________ 4-21

Table 4.11: Adjustment Factor for Building Structure Attenuation (BSA)_______________________________ 4-21

Table 4.12: Building Structure Attenuation (BSA) for WKCD Study___________________________________ 4-22

Table 4.13: Building Structure Resonance (BSR) for WKCD Study___________________________________ 4-22

Table 4.14: Krad (dB) at Different Location____________________________________________________ 4-23

Table 4.15: Conversion to Noise Factors______________________________________________________ 4-23

Table 4.16: Unmitigated Construction Airborne Noise Impact from this Project_________________________ 4-25

Table 4.17: Unmitigated Road Traffic Noise Impact in Year 2032 – Scenario with Interim Access at Austin Road West 4-26

Table 4.18: Unmitigated Road Traffic Noise Impact in Year 2032 – Scenario with Permanent Access at Canton Road 4-27

Table 4.19: Summary of Fixed Plant Noise Sources_____________________________________________ 4-28

Table 4.20: SWLs of the Existing Fixed Plant and Fixed Plant from XRL projects________________________ 4-29

Table 4.21: Maximum Allowable SWLs of the Fixed Plant within WKCD______________________________ 4-30

Table 4.22: Predicted Outdoor Air Activity Noise Impact without Mitigation Measures____________________ 4-33

Table 4.23: Predicted Ground-borne Noise Impact from XRL EIA___________________________________ 4-33

Table 4.24: Predicted Ground-borne Noise Impact from WR-KSL___________________________________ 4-35

Table 4.25: Predicted Ground-borne Noise Impact from AEL/TCL___________________________________ 4-36

Table 4.26: Quieter PME Recommended for Adoption during Construction Phase______________________ 4-38

Table 4.27: Noise Mitigation Measures for Certain PME during Construction Phase_____________________ 4-39

Table 4.28: Mitigated Construction Airborne Noise Impact from this Project___________________________ 4-41

Table 4.29: Overall Cumulative Construction Noise Impact________________________________________ 4-43

Table 4.30: Summary of Benefitted and Protected Planned Dwellings (Interim Access at Austin Road West)__ 4-45

Table 4.31: Summary of Benefitted and Protected Planned Dwellings (Permanent Access at Canton Road)__ 4-45

Table 4.32: Recommended At-receiver Noise Mitigation Measures for Residential Buildings______________ 4-48

Table 4.33: Assessment of Residual Impacts during Construction Phase_____________________________ 4-49

Table 5.1: Water Quality Objectives for Victoria Harbour WCZ______________________________________ 5-1

Table 5.2: Water Quality Objectives for the Western Buffer WCZ____________________________________ 5-2

Table 5.3: Water Quality Objectives for the Eastern Buffer WCZ____________________________________ 5-3

Table 5.4: WSD’s Water Quality Criteria for Flushing Water at Sea Water Intakes_______________________ 5-5

Table 5.5: Marine Water Quality at Victoria Harbour and Stonecutters Island in 2010_____________________ 5-7

Table 5.6: Marine Water Quality at Yau Ma Tei Typhoon Shelter in 2010______________________________ 5-8

Table 5.7: Summary of Parameters for Thermal Plume Model (Delft3D-FLOW)_______________________ 5-12

Table 5.8: Diurnal pattern of cooling water discharge for proposed WKCD DCWS and the independent cooling systems 5-13

Table 5.9: Approximate distances of existing cooling water intakes and outfalls from the WKCD DCWS proposed Outfall 5-13

Table 5.10: Summary of Parameters for Modelling of Residual Chlorine (Delft3D-WAQ)_________________ 5-14

Table 5.11: Recommended Standard of Recycled Rainwater Quality_________________________________ 5-19

Table 5.12: Temperature elevations at cooling water intakes_______________________________________ 5-20

Table 6.1: Recommended Unit Flow Factors___________________________________________________ 6-3

Table 6.2: Peaking Factors________________________________________________________________ 6-4

Table 6.3: Population and Sewage Flow Estimation for WCKD_____________________________________ 6-5

Table 6.4: Summary of Sewage Flow for Sub-catchment_________________________________________ 6-6

Table 6.5: Sewage Flow from Different Catchments discharged to the 1350mm Trunk Sewer_____________ 6-7

Table 6.6: Boundary Conditions for Hydraulic Model_____________________________________________ 6-9

Table 6.7: Summary of Hydraulic Model Results________________________________________________ 6-9

Table 7.1: Estimates of Inert C&D materials to be Generated by WKCD Project_________________________ 7-3

Table 7.2: Estimates of Fill Materials to be Imported from Other Potential Projects and/or Government’s Fill </